Begin of Stock Data is the date that data begins for the security, in YYYYMMDD format. It is the date of the first period in the time series arrays and is always greater than zero.
Begin of Valid Data is the index of the first calendar period with valid data in a time series. If no data of this type are available, it is set to zero. The Calendar Trading Date at this index is the date of the first calendar period with data of this type.
General Information
Primary Concepts
Base CRSPAccess Data Structures, Time Series Objects
Daily: Closing bid on the trading date being accessed, adjusted for distributions. Monthly: Closing bid on the last trading date of the month of the period being accessed, adjusted for distributions.
Daily: Last available non-missing closing bid as of the trading date being accessed, adjusted for distributions. Monthly: Last available non-missing month-end closing bid as of the trading date being accessed, adjusted for distributions.
Daily: Closing bid on the trading date being accessed. Monthly: Closing bid on the last trading date of the month.
Extended Information
Bid is available both daily and monthly for all securities on the major exchanges: NYSE, NYSE American, NASDAQ, and NYSE Arca. Bid prices for NASDAQ are handled a little differently than for NYSE/NYSE American and outlined as follows:
NASDAQ
Bid is available for issues trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market during time periods when Bid or Low Price can contain the low price.
Since July 1980, NASDAQ has used the inside quotation as the closing bid and ask, with the close being at 4:00PM Eastern time. The inside quotation is the highest bid and lowest ask for each trade date.
Bid is reported for all NASDAQ National Market securities since November1, 1982 and for all NASDAQ securities since June 15, 1992, with the following exceptions due to source limitations:
Bid is missing for 15 NASDAQ National Market securities in December 1982.
Bid is missing for all NASDAQ National Market securities in February 1986.
NYSE/NYSE American
The bid for NYSE and NYSE American securities is not the inside quotation, but the bid price from the last representative quote before the markets close for each trading date. Due to source limitations, only an unrepresentative quote was available on many days. This unrepresentative quote showed very large spreads, frequently a bid of a penny and an ask of approximately double the price. These were usually posted by a market marker not on the primary listed exchange, who was required to post a quote but not interested in making a trade. From 1992 on, Bid and Ask are set to 0 when CRSP determined that the available quote was unrepresentative of trading activity, pending further research.
Bid data for NYSE are available from December 31, 1925 through the most currently completed month for securities when no closing price is available. Between December 31, 1925 and February 23, 1942, a continuous series of bid data are available whether or not a closing price is available. Between February 24, 1942 and December 27, 1992, bid is available only in cases when a closing price is missing. Beginning December 28, 1992, a continuous series of bid data are available.
Daily: Last available non-missing closing bid as of the trading date being accessed. Monthly: Last available non-missing month-end closing bid as of the trading date being accessed.
Daily: Lowest trading price during the day, or the closing bid if trading price not available, adjusted for distributions. Bid identified by a leading dash -. Monthly: Lowest trading price during the month, or the lowest bid-ask spread if trading price not available, adjusted for distributions. Bid-ask spreads identified by preceding dash -.
Daily: Bid or Low Price is the lowest trading price during the day or the closing bid price on days when the closing price is not available. The field is set to zero if no Bid or Low Price is available.
Daily trading prices for the NASDAQ National Market securities were first reported November 1, 1982. Daily trading prices for The NASDAQ SmallCap Market were first reported June 15, 1992. Therefore, Bid or Low Price for NASDAQ securities is always a bid before these dates.
Monthly: Monthly files contain the lowest daily Price or Bid/Ask Average during the month. Closing price values are positive, bid/ask averages negative. The negative sign is a symbol used to differentiate between price and bid/ask average. The bid/ask average does not have a negative value, and the sign is ignored for ranking. The field is set to zero when no ask or bid/ask average is available.
Subscription Information
Begin of Group Data
Begin of Group Data is the first date the group data is valid in YYYYMMDD format.
n/an/a/g#, # is grouptypeBegin of Stock Data
Begin of Stock Data is the date that data begins for the security, in YYYYMMDD format. It is the date of the first period in the time series arrays and is always greater than zero.
n/an/a/hh , /hr , /hrl , /hnBegin of Valid Data
Begin of Valid Data is the index of the first calendar period with valid data in a time series. If no data of this type are available, it is set to zero. The Calendar Trading Date at this index is the date of the first calendar period with data of this type.
n/an/an/aBid Adjusted, End of Period
Daily: Closing bid on the trading date being accessed, adjusted for distributions.
Monthly: Closing bid on the last trading date of the month of the period being accessed, adjusted for distributions.
Bid Adjusted, Last Available Nonmissing
Daily: Last available non-missing closing bid as of the trading date being accessed, adjusted for distributions.
Monthly: Last available non-missing month-end closing bid as of the trading date being accessed, adjusted for distributions.
Bid, End of Period
Daily: Closing bid on the trading date being accessed.
Monthly: Closing bid on the last trading date of the month.
Extended Information
Bid is available both daily and monthly for all securities on the major exchanges: NYSE, NYSE American, NASDAQ, and NYSE Arca. Bid prices for NASDAQ are handled a little differently than for NYSE/NYSE American and outlined as follows:
NASDAQ
Bid is available for issues trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market during time periods when Bid or Low Price can contain the low price.
Since July 1980, NASDAQ has used the inside quotation as the closing bid and ask, with the close being at 4:00PM Eastern time. The inside quotation is the highest bid and lowest ask for each trade date.
Bid is reported for all NASDAQ National Market securities since November1, 1982 and for all NASDAQ securities since June 15, 1992, with the following exceptions due to source limitations:
NYSE/NYSE American
The bid for NYSE and NYSE American securities is not the inside quotation, but the bid price from the last representative quote before the markets close for each trading date. Due to source limitations, only an unrepresentative quote was available on many days. This unrepresentative quote showed very large spreads, frequently a bid of a penny and an ask of approximately double the price. These were usually posted by a market marker not on the primary listed exchange, who was required to post a quote but not interested in making a trade. From 1992 on, Bid and Ask are set to 0 when CRSP determined that the available quote was unrepresentative of trading activity, pending further research.
Bid data for NYSE are available from December 31, 1925 through the most currently completed month for securities when no closing price is available. Between December 31, 1925 and February 23, 1942, a continuous series of bid data are available whether or not a closing price is available. Between February 24, 1942 and December 27, 1992, bid is available only in cases when a closing price is missing. Beginning December 28, 1992, a continuous series of bid data are available.
Bid, Last Available Nonmissing
Daily: Last available non-missing closing bid as of the trading date being accessed.
Monthly: Last available non-missing month-end closing bid as of the trading date being accessed.
Bidlo Adjusted, Minimum in Period
Daily: Lowest trading price during the day, or the closing bid if trading price not available, adjusted for distributions. Bid identified by a leading dash -.
Monthly: Lowest trading price during the month, or the lowest bid-ask spread if trading price not available, adjusted for distributions. Bid-ask spreads identified by preceding dash -.
Bidlo, Minimum in Period
Daily: Bid or Low Price is the lowest trading price during the day or the closing bid price on days when the closing price is not available. The field is set to zero if no Bid or Low Price is available.
Daily trading prices for the NASDAQ National Market securities were first reported November 1, 1982. Daily trading prices for The NASDAQ SmallCap Market were first reported June 15, 1992. Therefore, Bid or Low Price for NASDAQ securities is always a bid before these dates.
Monthly: Monthly files contain the lowest daily Price or Bid/Ask Average during the month. Closing price values are positive, bid/ask averages negative. The negative sign is a symbol used to differentiate between price and bid/ask average. The bid/ask average does not have a negative value, and the sign is ignored for ranking. The field is set to zero when no ask or bid/ask average is available.